Laravel Pos System Free

1 the answer to my thesis?. “How to use Laravel with Python and the command line”. With this free video you'll learn how to develop a POS system running on Laravel and Vue. Absent professional idiosyncracies or industry requirements I may be unaware of, the worse thing I can say about this software is it is free. How We Evaluated the Best Free POS System Software. Get 19 laravel pos plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. Laravel eCommerce Point of Sale: This POS extension of Bagisto facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. If you are looking for Laravel based Point Of Sale System please feel free to contact us. Summit Computer Networks is also known for our POS Pizza package that was originally designed for use by Pizza and Sandwich Shops. This acclaimed pos software has been in use for over ten years providing a computerized solution to thousands of retail stores. 1 For Online POS + Ecommerce Shop Posted 4 years ago by MarkMatute I will be working on my thesis soon, an Online POS System with E-Shop, is Laravel 5. My goal with this Laravel tutorial to create a guide for those just learning Laravel. 3” customer facing touchscreen, receipt printer, and barcode scanner. Press login to continue. POS application can be used by any who is interested in selling his products digitily. Dry Cleaning POS Software Systems. Point of sale facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. But is a free POS system really right for you? Ultimately, the answer to this question depends on your needs. My goal with this Laravel tutorial to create a guide for those just learning Laravel. Laravel is one of the prominent members of the new generation of web frameworks. Laravel POS provides an intuitive dashboard from where the retailer can easily view all the product available at their store and can also search for any product from the search bar. Dry Cleaning POS Software Systems. Accept payments on a large, 4G and wifi-enabled point of sale powered by Payanywhere. Nova is a beautifully designed administration panel for Laravel. Complete retail point of sale systems can run anywhere in the neighborhood of $1,500 to $20,000. Check out our reviews of the 10 best PoS systems to see how they stack. In addition to simply ringing up sales, a good POS system will also allow you to easily store customer data and make profiles, manage inventory, and gain critical business insights such as your top-selling product categories and top-spending customers. Use our cloud POS to track customers, inventory and sales. Call (866)468-5767 today for more information on pcAmerica Cash Register Express and other POS software needs. I have shown it to some of my clients because its so easy to use. You can use any of Local or Cloud based storage to provide simple configuration. Why GitHub? manage projects, and build software together. Summit Computer Networks is also known for our POS Pizza package that was originally designed for use by Pizza and Sandwich Shops. ‎Loyverse POS is the free POS (point-of-sale) software perfect for your retail store, cafe, bar, restaurant, pizzeria, bakery, coffee shop, food truck, grocery store, beauty salon, car wash and more. Laravel is one of the prominent members of the new generation of web frameworks. ZapERP Inventory is a full-featured inventory management software. According to the CAGR survey, the global POS terminals market recorded for USD 62. Laravel with advanced features compared to other frameworks, it also has exceptional features like durability, convenient, and reliable that attracts developers and industries towards laravel. Check out our reviews of the 10 best PoS systems to see how they stack. Inputs exist for information about the vehicle, seller and purchaser. You can configure storage options in config/filesystems. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. FREE USED CARS SALES RECORDS SOFTWARE FREE CAR LOT DEALER SOFTWARE FREE USED CAR DEALER SOFTWARE. ” Evan Matz, Owner of Crafthouse. Carefully crafted by the creators of Laravel to make you the most productive developer in the galaxy. xPOS is designed for multi purpose use such as Food Court,Grocery Shop, Fashion House,Restaurant and so on. 34 billion in 2018 and is expected to register 7. Retailers can find a simple cash register for under $200 but expect to pay between $250-800 for more advanced registers with scanners, display pole and other functions. I have bought many cheap versions of editors or had free ones that aren’t 1% of what Pos Pro is. Laravel utilizes Composer to manage its dependencies. Multiple file system: Laravel 5 provides the native support for multiple file system. 1 the answer to my thesis?. Roopokars’s talent laravel developers can create custom tailored software by PHP – laravel technology, Website development with Laravel, Laravel Application, website or software migration to Laravel, Custom Laravel Development: SaaS, eCommerce and so on. Use Loyverse POS point of sale sy…. The payments all work through the Stripe API which is free for testing purposes. Since 1992 we have been providing dealership management systems to North American Marine and RV Retailers. We are the developers of PowerTill point-of-sale software and importers of quality POS hardware. Our Winery POS tool is available through our Lite, Plus, and Enterprise service plans. You can configure storage options in config/filesystems. Inventory split is one of the key features of the Point Of Sale system. xPOS is designed for multi purpose use such as Food Court,Grocery Shop, Fashion House,Restaurant and so on. According to the CAGR survey, the global POS terminals market recorded for USD 62. Download Nulled Dr. Dedicated to Helping Your Business, Do Business. To continue, please login using your username and password below. Laravel Point of sale system is not just for the calculation of the amount to be paid by customers to the seller in terms of exchanging any product or services, even its more than that. In this first part of the tutorial I show you how to get a basic point of sales web application up and running using Laravel, Vue and Stripe. Buy laravel pos plugins, code & scripts from $25. point of sale laravel free download. Laravel focuses on the end user first, which means its focus is on simplicity, clarity, and getting work done. This is a simple restaurant order management system. You can add a ticket and let us know your views at https://webkul. No ads, no credit card required, no contracts, and no commitments. How We Evaluated the Best Free POS System Software. Retailers can find a simple cash register for under $200 but expect to pay between $250-800 for more advanced registers with scanners, display pole and other functions. I had to spend a lot of time generating reports. Carefully crafted by the creators of Laravel to make you the most productive developer in the galaxy. Includes an 8” HD touchscreen, 4. Point of Sale is our only business, it's what we do 365 days of the year. If you are looking for Laravel based Point Of Sale System please feel free to contact us. To continue, please login using your username and password below. Get 19 laravel pos plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. Point-of-sale (PoS) solutions provide a multitude of functions as well as deployment and back-end options at decent prices. php front controller in the path. Install Laravel Via Laravel Installer. Once you have the PHAR archive, you can either keep it in your local project directory or move to usr/local/bin to use it globally on your system. KreaPOS for the best POS & Point Of Sale Software, POS Kits, Retail & Restaurant Point Of Sale Systems,Payment Processing, Beauty Salon, Retail, Gift Card, Grocery Store and Inventory Management Software. It let you track usage, monitor changes in unit your currency costs, calculates when you need to place order for customer, and analyze inventory levels on an item-by-item basis. If you are doing in house financing, the program can manage accounts for you. Absent professional idiosyncracies or industry requirements I may be unaware of, the worse thing I can say about this software is it is free. htaccess file that is used to provide URLs without the index. AIMsi offers all of that plus features to build a complete business solution – ALL IN ONE SYSTEM!. Manage Your Ticket Business Anytime, Anywhere, on Any Device Login Sign Up Today POSNEXT™ FEATURES Next Level Ticket Management Sign Up Today Free, Web Based POS No monthly payment and no Mercury buying fees Mercury Marketplace The only POS with access to the 200%-guaranteed Mercury marketplace for buying/selling. posnext™ has arrived. Note this is a multi-part series so it may take a few days or weeks to get through it all. We meet the challenges of the industry, while staying on the cutting edge of technology. Point of Sale Close sales anywhere with an entirely mobile winery point of sale (POS) system that allows you to turn your entire winery into a tasting room. Laravel POS Live Demo. With this free video you'll learn how to develop a POS system running on Laravel and Vue. Depending on your needs and what you're willing to sacrifice, you may be able to function perfectly well without spending a dime on your system. Find out why Close Of Sales System With. Web Server Configuration. Multiple file system: Laravel 5 provides the native support for multiple file system. I have shown it to some of my clients because its so easy to use. Laravel with advanced features compared to other frameworks, it also has exceptional features like durability, convenient, and reliable that attracts developers and industries towards laravel. Best and simplest credit card processing rates. htaccess file will be honored by the server. I like your POS system very much. It was super easy to use ZapERP Inventory without necessarily getting into any complex training. But I guarantee you'll learn a ton if you follow it to completion. Summit Computer Networks is also known for our POS Pizza package that was originally designed for use by Pizza and Sandwich Shops. The payments all work through the Stripe API which is free for testing purposes. Free POS software for small businesses including point of sale, inventory management, CRM, reporting. They’re always there for us, 24/7. Leni Fries owns and operates La Tabella restaurant in Airlie Beach, with 120 seats and up to 22 staff. TUTA Point of Sale Using Laravel & Angularjs Framework - tutacare/tutapos. Accept payments on a large, 4G and wifi-enabled point of sale powered by Payanywhere. Setting Up Craft CMS 3 Local Development with Laravel Homestead Vir­tu­al­iza­tion software We’re going to use Vir­tu­al­Box since it’s FREE while. We have been providing restaurant POS software worldwide since 1990. 8% from 2019 to 2025. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. This project can be used in any kind of retail shop, where buy and sell process. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. All from our global community of web developers. For ACE Retail users, rich features are standard requirements, even in our basic edition. htaccess file will be honored by the server. Find out why Close Of Sales System With. Note this is a multi-part series so it may take a few days or weeks to get through it all. ezPower Point of Sale is available in two interface styles. This software will keep track of all your carlot purchases and sales. Laravel POS provides an intuitive dashboard from where the retailer can easily view all the product available at their store and can also search for any product from the search bar. 1 For Online POS + Ecommerce Shop Posted 4 years ago by MarkMatute I will be working on my thesis soon, an Online POS System with E-Shop, is Laravel 5. Inventory split is one of the key features of the Point Of Sale system. If you are doing in house financing, the program can manage accounts for you. Roopokars’s talent laravel developers can create custom tailored software by PHP – laravel technology, Website development with Laravel, Laravel Application, website or software migration to Laravel, Custom Laravel Development: SaaS, eCommerce and so on. LotHill Solutions provides simple, reliable, and cost-effective point-of-sale (POS) solutions and time tracking for small to mid-sized businesses world-wide. This acclaimed pos software has been in use for over ten years providing a computerized solution to thousands of retail stores. It is an open-source PHP web framework, created by Taylor Otwell in 2011 intending for the development of web application following the Model View Controller (MVC) model. Laravel eCommerce Point of Sale. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. Since 1992 we have been providing dealership management systems to North American Marine and RV Retailers. Your choice depends on what you want from your POS System. Free download Dr. Integrates with WooCommerce for a total web-based POS system. 1 For Online POS + Ecommerce Shop Posted 4 years ago by MarkMatute I will be working on my thesis soon, an Online POS System with E-Shop, is Laravel 5. COM is laravel sample code sharing website. Mario recalls the many problems associated with his old POS system, and how switching to a fully online system has helped his restaurant. It uses M. xPOS - Multi purpose Point of Sale in PHP. No ads, no credit card required, no contracts, and no commitments. Laravel POS Live Demo. For use on Android, iPad, Windows and Poynt terminal. A Point of Sale (POS) is a place and solution that is used to make payment. Buy laravel pos plugins, code & scripts from $25. Fabricare Systems, LLC has provided dry cleaner’s computer software and hardware solutions for dry cleaners and laundries since 1999. I have shown it to some of my clients because its so easy to use. What is a POS plan? A Point of Service (POS) plan has some of the qualities of HMO and PPO plans with benefit levels varying depending on whether you receive your care in or out of the health insurance company's network of providers. This Point-Of-Sale system has been used by many other types of restaurant businesses as well, not just pizza. Point of sale facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. A POS system is a significant upgrade from a traditional cash register. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. Multiple file system: Laravel 5 provides the native support for multiple file system. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. This history means that ACE Retail has one of the longest list of POS features in the industry. How We Evaluated the Best Free POS System Software. We meet the challenges of the industry, while staying on the cutting edge of technology. If you are doing in house financing, the program can manage accounts for you. Point-of-sale (PoS) solutions provide a multitude of functions as well as deployment and back-end options at decent prices. I have bought many cheap versions of editors or had free ones that aren’t 1% of what Pos Pro is. Simple sales - Inventory System & POS. Welcome to Total Control Software Corporation, the Premier Dealer Management System for Marinas and RV Dealers! Dealer Management Software Solutions that give you Total Control of Your Business. Smart Point of Sale. Restaurant pos software, Amigo POS is a comprehensive software suite of Point of Sale and Management Solutions for the hospitality industry, geared specifically to high volume restaurant, bar and fast food establishments. Absent professional idiosyncracies or industry requirements I may be unaware of, the worse thing I can say about this software is it is free. For use on Android, iPad, Windows and Poynt terminal. Inventory split is one of the key features of the Point Of Sale system. Absent professional idiosyncracies or industry requirements I may be unaware of, the worse thing I can say about this software is it is free. It will share you all Laravel 5, Bootstrap, JQuery, and Ajax related tutorials that we think it is important for your project. We have been providing restaurant POS software worldwide since 1990. point of sale laravel free download. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. Our Winery POS tool is available through our Lite, Plus, and Enterprise service plans. POS application can be used by any who is interested in selling his products digitily. FREE USED CARS SALES RECORDS SOFTWARE FREE CAR LOT DEALER SOFTWARE FREE USED CAR DEALER SOFTWARE. Point of sale facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. Free POS does exists, though you'll still have to buy the hardware, whether that's is a full register/scanner/printer combo or just a desktop computer or tablet. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. What is a POS plan? A Point of Service (POS) plan has some of the qualities of HMO and PPO plans with benefit levels varying depending on whether you receive your care in or out of the health insurance company's network of providers. KreaPOS for the best POS & Point Of Sale Software, POS Kits, Retail & Restaurant Point Of Sale Systems,Payment Processing, Beauty Salon, Retail, Gift Card, Grocery Store and Inventory Management Software. The retailer can easily get the data about daily sales, customers, and change in inventory along with easy payment and checkout. *The Cloud Remote Service is included free with software purchase for 6 months. Hope to hear from you soon. Leni Fries owns and operates La Tabella restaurant in Airlie Beach, with 120 seats and up to 22 staff. Your choice depends on what you want from your POS System. But I guarantee you'll learn a ton if you follow it to completion. This acclaimed pos software has been in use for over ten years providing a computerized solution to thousands of retail stores. It is an open-source PHP web framework, created by Taylor Otwell in 2011 intending for the development of web application following the Model View Controller (MVC) model. Depending on your needs and what you're willing to sacrifice, you may be able to function perfectly well without spending a dime on your system. All from our global community of web developers. A Point of Sale (POS) is a place and solution that is used to make payment. I have bought many cheap versions of editors or had free ones that aren’t 1% of what Pos Pro is. You can use any of Local or Cloud based storage to provide simple configuration. This software will keep track of all your carlot purchases and sales. Web Based Point Of Sale Application in Laravel. xPOS is designed for multi purpose use such as Food Court,Grocery Shop, Fashion House,Restaurant and so on. How We Evaluated the Best Free POS System Software. Welcome to the PHP Point Of Sale System. Download Nulled Dr. Note this is a multi-part series so it may take a few days or weeks to get through it all. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. Inventory split is one of the key features of the Point Of Sale system. It was super easy to use ZapERP Inventory without necessarily getting into any complex training. We are the market leaders in providing POS solutions for Retail, Restaurant and Distribution businesses. It uses M. Buy pos laravel plugins, code & scripts from $18. Laravel eCommerce Point of Sale: This POS extension of Bagisto facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. *The Cloud Remote Service is included free with software purchase for 6 months. In this first part of the tutorial I show you how to get a basic point of sales web application up and running using Laravel, Vue and Stripe. This Point-Of-Sale system has been used by many other types of restaurant businesses as well, not just pizza. Sage 300 Point of Sale InfoPOS is the Point of Sale software that powers Sage 300 Retailers. Best and simplest credit card processing rates. ZapERP Inventory is a full-featured inventory management software. posnext™ has arrived. The more POS hardware added to the system, the higher the cost. A POS terminal generally does the following: Reads the information off a customer’s credit or debit card Checks whether the funds in a customer’s bank account are sufficient Transfers the funds from the. Simple sales - Inventory System & POS. We have been providing restaurant POS software worldwide since 1990. You can add a ticket and let us know your views at https://webkul. According to the CAGR survey, the global POS terminals market recorded for USD 62. Moreover when order is. I had to spend a lot of time generating reports. Talk to our experts. Best and simplest credit card processing rates. Hope to hear from you soon. If you are looking for Laravel based Point Of Sale System please feel free to contact us. Laravel utilizes Composer to manage its dependencies. Download Nulled Dr. Carefully crafted by the creators of Laravel to make you the most productive developer in the galaxy. It includes Laravel PHP and python code examples. Free POS does exists, though you'll still have to buy the hardware, whether that's is a full register/scanner/printer combo or just a desktop computer or tablet. Laravel POS provides an intuitive dashboard from where the retailer can easily view all the product available at their store and can also search for any product from the search bar. But please remember that if you cannot imagine of what you want to do, tutorial is just a tutorial. POS is a very easy tool to use. KreaPOS for the best POS & Point Of Sale Software, POS Kits, Retail & Restaurant Point Of Sale Systems,Payment Processing, Beauty Salon, Retail, Gift Card, Grocery Store and Inventory Management Software. Mario recalls the many problems associated with his old POS system, and how switching to a fully online system has helped his restaurant. Assistant – Patient and Prescription Management System in Laravel Nulled. A Point of Sale (POS) is a place and solution that is used to make payment. According to the CAGR survey, the global POS terminals market recorded for USD 62. And, of course, it is free. It is developed by kmrifat on CodeCanyon. First, download a copy of the composer. To continue, please login using your username and password below. form POS-020. Simple sales - Inventory System & POS. Where the assigned store agent on a physical store/outlet will have a POS front-end management system through which they can easily manage the daily sales along with their. htaccess file that is used to provide URLs without the index. Roopokars’s talent laravel developers can create custom tailored software by PHP – laravel technology, Website development with Laravel, Laravel Application, website or software migration to Laravel, Custom Laravel Development: SaaS, eCommerce and so on. Retailers can find a simple cash register for under $200 but expect to pay between $250-800 for more advanced registers with scanners, display pole and other functions. Our after sales support is also remarkable. Restaurant pos software, Amigo POS is a comprehensive software suite of Point of Sale and Management Solutions for the hospitality industry, geared specifically to high volume restaurant, bar and fast food establishments. It includes Laravel PHP and python code examples. 34 billion in 2018 and is expected to register 7. Before serving Laravel with Apache, be sure to enable the mod_rewrite module so the. I wish I had this software a long time ago. Check out our reviews of the 10 best PoS systems to see how they stack. This acclaimed pos software has been in use for over ten years providing a computerized solution to thousands of retail stores. The more POS hardware added to the system, the higher the cost. If you can help me to change some things here and there, I can sell it and share the money with you. Point of Sale is our only business, it's what we do 365 days of the year. This is a simple restaurant order management system. Point-of-sale (PoS) solutions provide a multitude of functions as well as deployment and back-end options at decent prices. All from our global community of web developers. Use Loyverse POS point of sale sy…. Laravel Point of sale system is not just for the calculation of the amount to be paid by customers to the seller in terms of exchanging any product or services, even its more than that. But is a free POS system really right for you? Ultimately, the answer to this question depends on your needs. All POS software solutions offer inventory management, sales tracking and customer loyalty programs. 34 billion in 2018 and is expected to register 7. All from our global community of web developers. Check out our reviews of the 10 best PoS systems to see how they stack. Free POS does exists, though you'll still have to buy the hardware, whether that's is a full register/scanner/printer combo or just a desktop computer or tablet. You can add a ticket and let us know your views at https://webkul. Complete retail point of sale systems can run anywhere in the neighborhood of $1,500 to $20,000. Welcome to Total Control Software Corporation, the Premier Dealer Management System for Marinas and RV Dealers! Dealer Management Software Solutions that give you Total Control of Your Business. Tightly integrated with Sage 300 to deliver a seamless retail experience and engineered to take full advantage of the unique strengths of Sage 300. We innovate, develop, install and support our growing customer base and we can do the same for you. An not "my projects and other peoples projects" ;). It is an open-source PHP web framework, created by Taylor Otwell in 2011 intending for the development of web application following the Model View Controller (MVC) model. A POS terminal generally does the following: Reads the information off a customer’s credit or debit card Checks whether the funds in a customer’s bank account are sufficient Transfers the funds from the. Web Based Point Of Sale Application in Laravel. ‎Loyverse POS is the free POS (point-of-sale) software perfect for your retail store, cafe, bar, restaurant, pizzeria, bakery, coffee shop, food truck, grocery store, beauty salon, car wash and more. The project has been crafted with care and took me about 20 hours of research and development. Laravel uses third party package Filesystem to provide multiple file support. xPOS is designed for multi purpose use such as Food Court,Grocery Shop, Fashion House,Restaurant and so on. Inputs exist for information about the vehicle, seller and purchaser. We meet the challenges of the industry, while staying on the cutting edge of technology. It is an open-source PHP web framework, created by Taylor Otwell in 2011 intending for the development of web application following the Model View Controller (MVC) model. Laravel includes a public/. Provide the name of each person served, the address where you served the documents, and the date and time of service. Use Loyverse POS point of sale sy…. If you served more than one person, check the box in item 3, complete the Attachment to Proof of Personal Service–Civil (Persons Served) (form POS-020(P)), and attach it to form POS-020. Integrates with WooCommerce for a total web-based POS system. It will share you all Laravel 5, Bootstrap, JQuery, and Ajax related tutorials that we think it is important for your project. It is developed by kmrifat on CodeCanyon. My goal with this Laravel tutorial to create a guide for those just learning Laravel. All from our global community of web developers. 3” customer facing touchscreen, receipt printer, and barcode scanner. And, of course, it is free. Where the assigned store agent on a physical store/outlet will have a POS front-end management system through which they can easily manage the daily sales along with their. Integrates with WooCommerce for a total web-based POS system. Please email me if you are interested [email protected]. LotHill Solutions provides simple, reliable, and cost-effective point-of-sale (POS) solutions and time tracking for small to mid-sized businesses world-wide. POS is a very easy handy tools. Smart Point of Sale. A Point of Sale (POS) is a place and solution that is used to make payment. And if you want to flourish your eCommerce application with newer things, do check on for Bagisto. According to the CAGR survey, the global POS terminals market recorded for USD 62. 34 billion in 2018 and is expected to register 7. Wireless Standard Gold Edition for Metro™ by T-Mobile is built for businesses like mine where you need fast access to vital information about sales and inventory. ‎Loyverse POS is the free POS (point-of-sale) software perfect for your retail store, cafe, bar, restaurant, pizzeria, bakery, coffee shop, food truck, grocery store, beauty salon, car wash and more. Buy laravel pos plugins, code & scripts from $25. Laravel eCommerce Point of Sale: This POS extension of Bagisto facilitates the seller to properly manage their online store as well as a physical store at the same time. 8% from 2019 to 2025. Web Based Point Of Sale Application in Laravel. Point-of-sale (PoS) solutions provide a multitude of functions as well as deployment and back-end options at decent prices. ZapERP Inventory is a full-featured inventory management software. I see you have signed up to the newsletter to receive a zip file (see your mail) with the project source code. Get 19 pos laravel plugins, code & scripts on CodeCanyon. StoreHub is a technology platform for retail and F&B businesses that consists of a tablet-based Point of Sale (POS) system and an easy-to-use ecommerce platform to help businesses embrace omnichannel selling. htaccess file that is used to provide URLs without the index. Talk to our experts. After that it cost $19. POS is a very easy tool to use. But is a free POS system really right for you? Ultimately, the answer to this question depends on your needs. Assistant – Patient and Prescription Management System in Laravel Nulled. Free download Dr. How We Evaluated the Best Free POS System Software. This Point-Of-Sale system has been used by many other types of restaurant businesses as well, not just pizza. Simple sales - Inventory System & POS. This acclaimed pos software has been in use for over ten years providing a computerized solution to thousands of retail stores. But if it this should be like you name it: "List of open source projects made with Laravel", shouldn't you show them all in one list sorted alphabetically, or sorted by each author.